1900 Military - In the remote past, the diffusion of military technology was gradual and uneven. There were several reasons for this. First, transport was slow and its capacity small. Second, the technology of agriculture was no more advanced than that of war, so that, with most of their energy devoted to feeding themselves and with little economic surplus, people had few resources available for specialized military technology.
Low economic development meant that even the benefits of conquest would not pay off a heavy investment in weaponry. Third, and most important, the absolute level of technological development was low. A heavy dependence on human muscle was the principal cause and a major effect of this low level of development.
1900 Military
With human ingenuity bound by the constraints of the human body, both technology and tactics were heavily shaped by geography, climate, and topography. Prussian commanders, personnel and methodology became the nucleus of the new German imperial army.
General Considerations
The German Kaiser was its supreme commander; he relied on a military council and chief of general staff, made up of Junker aristocrats and career officers. When it came to military matters, the Reichstag (Germany's elected civilian parliament) had no more than an advisory role.
A historian's view: “The belief in war as a test of national power and a proof of national superiority added a scientific base to the cult of patriotism… In Britain, a real effort was made to teach boys that success in war depended upon the patriotism and military spirit of
the nation, and that preparation for war would strengthen 'manly virtue' and 'patriotic ardour'.” Zara Steiner This World War I website is created and maintained by Alpha History. It contains 132.0131 words in 229 pages. This site was updated last on May 15th 2021. For more information, visit Alpha History or our Terms of Use.
This period saw significant changes to the quality of military weapons and equipment, as well as their quantity. This not only made these weapons more powerful and more deadly but they could be mass-produced at staggering levels.
New Technologies And Weapons
Sir Edward Grey, reflecting on his service as British foreign secretary in July 1914, said that: The bounty land acts of 1850, 1852, and 1855 granted warrants for service in all Indian wars from 1790 up to the beginning of the Civil War.
The application files are unindexed except for those relating to service during the War of 1812 (see National Archives Identifier 567388 in the War of 1812 section above). On March 3, 1927, Congress approved pensions for service in all Indian wars fought between 1817 and 1898.
The pension system for Union soldiers began in 1862 with the issuance of pensions for disabilities sustained during service. In 1890, benefits were expanded to include pensions for general service of at least 90 days with an honorable discharge.
Veterans of later conflicts, including the Spanish-American War and Philippine Insurrection, were generally covered under the same pension system. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, wealthy Americans embraced high culture, founding museums, libraries, performance halls, and some of the great orchestras.
Defining Militarism
Charlotte Bergen took her love of music one step further and purchased this rare instrument to play at home and, occasionally, in recitals. The United States proved itself a military, technological, and economic giant on the world stage while it faced economic and social disparity on the home front.
Post–World War I prosperity ended with the Great Depression and did not return until the nation mobilized for World War II. Pension applications and bounty land applications are both part of Record Group 15, Records of the Veterans Administration.
In general, records are arranged by the war or conflict, thereunder by the veteran's name (for the Revolutionary War through the Mexican War) or by file number (for the Civil War and later conflicts). German defense spending during this period increased by a massive 73 per cent, dwarfing the increases in France (10 per cent) and Britain (13 per cent).
Between 1898 and 1912, the German government passed five different Fleet Acts to expand the country's naval power. Those ecospheres with the most enduring impact on the technology of war were the European and Chinese. Though Japan possessed a distinctive, coherent, and effective military technology, it had little influence on developments elsewhere.
How To Convert Pm To Military Time?
India–Southeast Asia and Mesoamerica developed technologies that were well adapted to local conditions, but they were not particularly advanced. The Eurasian Steppe was a special case: usually serving as an avenue for a limited exchange of knowledge between Europe and China, in the late classical and medieval eras of Europe it developed an indigenous military technology based on the horse and composite recurved bow that challenged Europe
and ultimately conquered China. A general treatment of the actual waging of war is found in war, with more specific discussions appearing in such articles as strategy, tactics, and logistics. The social sciences of war, such as economics, law, and the theory of its origins, are also covered in that article.
For a military history of World Wars I and II, see World War I and World War II. Contact Us · Accessibility · Privacy Policy · Freedom of Information Act · No FEAR Act · USA.gov
Starting in the mid-1800s, tens of thousands of Chinese immigrated to Hawai'i to labor on sugar plantations. Many left this demanding work to open their own businesses. By the late 1800s the majority of restaurants in Hawai'i were operated by Chinese.
The Arms Race
Most catered in part to non-Chinese clients, perhaps none more so than Chong Pang Yat's exotic Lau Yee Chai restaurant which drew tourists and locals alike. Militarism is a philosophy or system that emphasizes the importance of military power.
Alfred Vagts, a German historian who served in World War I, defined it as the “domination of the military man over the civilians, an undue preponderance of military demands, an emphasis on military considerations”. In case you don't want to use this formula that shows you how to convert 1900 Military Time to Normal Time and only want to know the answer, here you have a short, but useful answer to your question:
In 1898, the German government's fourth Fleet Act ordered the construction of 17 new vessels. Berlin also led the way in the construction of military submarines; by 1914 the German navy had 29 operational U-boats. This rapid growth in German naval power triggered a press frenzy and alarm in Britain.
London responded to German naval expansion by commissioning 29 new ships for the Royal Navy. Franklin Roosevelt won his first presidential election promising his “New Deal” would lift the country out of the Great Depression. The ensuing legislation and relief measures created the most dramatic peacetime expansion of government in U.S.
history and directly benefited many. But economic recovery was slow and millions remained out of work through the 1930s. Improved methods of transportation and warfare led to the eventual disappearance of the regional ecospheres and their absorption into the European ecosphere.
This process began in the 12th century with the Mongol conquest of China and invasions of Europe, and it quickened and assumed a more pronounced European flavor in the 15th and 16th centuries with the development of oceangoing ships armed with gunpowder weapons.
Virtually every major European nation engaged in some form of military reform and renewal in the late 1800s and early 1900s. In Germany, military expansion and modernization were heartily endorsed by the newly crowned Kaiser, Wilhelm II, who wanted to claim his country’s “place in the sun”.
Congress authorized bounty land warrants for military service in the Revolutionary War under acts of 1788, 1803, and 1806. Veterans were granted pensions beginning in 1818, and widows became eligible in 1836. Surviving veterans also qualified under the final bounty land act of 1855.
From 1788 to 1855, the War Department also granted bounty land warrants as a reward for military service. Archives 1 houses bounty land warrant applications, as well as surrendered warrants. (For more information about surrendered warrants, see Accessing Land Entry Records.)
Congress granted bounty land warrants for service in the Mexican War under an act of 1847. Veterans and widows first became eligible for pensions in 1887, as long as the soldier had served at least 60 days or was engaged in battle, and was honorably discharged and
at least 62 years old. Bounty land applications are interfiled with the Mexican War pension files. The Prussian army was reformed and modernized in the 1850s by Field Marshal von Moltke the Elder. Under von Moltke’s leadership, Prussia’s army implemented new strategies, improved training for its officers, introduced advanced weaponry and adopted more efficient means of command and communication.
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The pottery studio was established at Jane Addams's settlement house in 1927, a time when thousands of Mexicans were migrating to the neighborhood surrounding Hull House. Created in part to teach marketable skills to neighborhood residents, the pottery capitalized on the contemporary fashion for brightly colored, Mexican-inspired household goods.
With little or no previous ceramic training, the primarily Mexican students created tablewares such as this bowl, as well as hand-thrown art pieces. With the introduction of the Model T in 1908 and the moving assembly line in 1913, the Ford Motor Company streamlined automobile production, transformed transportation, and kick-started American car culture.
The assembly line meant that the company could produce more cars at less cost, making them more affordable. By the 1920s, the impact of the automobile was profound, affecting everything from daily life to the economy to the environment.
Anti-immigration laws enacted in the 1920s limited the number of European refugees trying to enter the United States to escape Nazi persecution in the 1930s and 1940s. Austrian Jews Camilla and Hermann Gottlieb sent their daughter to the United States before World War II but were themselves unable to enter at that time.
They were sent to Theresienstadt, a Nazi concentration camp, where Hermann died in 1943. British attitudes to the military underwent a stark transformation during the 1800s. During the previous century, many Britons considered armies and navies a necessary evil.
Their ranks were filled with the dregs of the lower classes, their officers were often failed aristocrats and neer-do-wells. These attitudes had changed by the mid-19th century, with soldiering seen more as a noble vocation, a selfless act of service to one's country.
As in Germany, British soldiers were glorified and romanticized in the press and popular culture. World War II had a profound impact on the American home front. Populations shifted as workers migrated toward military-industrial centers, and wartime labor shortages meant more women and minorities were able to enter the workforce.
The federal government took on new roles, such as requiring that civilians ration gasoline, food, textiles, and other goods in short supply during the war. Regular Army veterans received disability pensions for service during the “Old War” period from the end of the Revolutionary War to the beginning of the Civil War.
Veterans of state militias that were federalized received pensions for War of 1812 service starting in 1871, and their widows in 1878. Bounty land warrants for service during the war were based on acts of 1811 and 1812. Surviving veterans also qualified for such benefits under acts
of 1842, 1850, 1852, and 1855. Note: The National Archives does not hold pensions for the Confederate service. Former Confederates were issued pensions by the Southern state governments, based on the state where the veteran lived after the war, not the state from which he served.
See Confederate Pension Records for further information about Confederate pensions. Important Note: When you buy through our links, we may earn a commission. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. Content, pricing, offers and availability are subject to change at any time - more info.
In the 1920s, women not only gained the right to vote, they increasingly competed in amateur and professional sports. In the Olympics and other contests, women excelled in individual sports such as golf, tennis, and swimming, proving they could be great athletes at a time when some still argue that competitive sports put too much strain on women's health and their role as nurturing caregivers
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